When at rest on the launching pad, the force of gravity on the space shuttle is quite huge - the weight of the shuttle. When in orbit, some 200km above Earth's surface, the force of gravity on the shuttle is
**(neglect changes in weight of the fuel carried by the shuttle)**
a) nearly as much.
b) about half as much.
c) nearly zero (micro-gravity).
d) zero.
In order for the force of gravity to be 1/2 as great as on the surface, the altitude would have to be about (0.4) earth radii. In other words the distance from the center would have to be sqrt(2) earth radii. This is arrived at from Newton's Law of Universal Gravitaion, the Inverse Square Law of Gravity.
The nearly zero and zero answers are trying to trick you because we see the astronauts in FREE-FALL while in ORBIT. The force of gravity is causing them to fall to earth earth but their horizontal speed is enough to keep them falling around the earth.
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